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ENDOTOXIN Endotoxins, which occur in the outmost tissue layer of certain Gram-negative bacteria, atomic number 18 not secreted but argon released only when the stalls be disrupted or destroyed. Endotoxins are complex polysaccharide molecules that chivy an antigenic response, resulting in febricity and altered resistance to bacterial infections. Exposure may wooing toxic hemorrhagic break and severe diarrhea. Endotoxins are pct of the outer membrane of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. Endotoxin is always associated with Gram-negative bacteria whether the organisms are pathogenic or not. Although the bourn endotoxin is occasionally used to mend to any cell-associated bacterial toxin, in bacteriology it is properly reserved to uphold to the lipopolysaccharide complex associated with the outer membrane of Gram-negative pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas, Neisseria, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis and Vibrio choler ae. The birth of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) to the bacterial cell open is illustrated in prototype 1 below - see LINK. Figure 1. Structure of the cell gasbag of a Gram-negative bacterium (e.g. E. coli). The peptidoglycan sheet is actually in the periplasm, the space between the inner (plasma) and outer membranes.

The inner suit of the outer membrane is peaceful of phospholipid, the same as in the plasma membrane. The outer face of the outer membrane contains roughly phospholipid but primarily it is imperturbable of lipopolysaccharide which has the amphipathic qualities of a phospholipid. Lipopolysaccharide is endotoxin. Imbedded in the outer membrane are versatile outer me mbrane proteins, lipoprotein and porin prote! ins, which sometimes play a power in virulence of a Gram-negative bacterium, but they are not considered endotoxins. The biological exercise of endotoxin is associated with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Toxicity is associated with the lipid component part (Lipid A) and immunogenicity is associated with the...If you want to support a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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